[frodo3212]

It would be interesting to see how muscle development faired and progressed with musicians. Opera singers, specifically. I can't think of another subset of the population who have explicitly geared themselves toward using these small muscles in ways which require both strength and endurance. An opera singers' entire musculature is geared toward natural, acoustic amplification, and their use of the tongue to manipulate acoustics via vowel sounds would make an insightful corollary study.

[runamok]

I think the whole point of this study was to see how muscles reacted to that were unrelated to those trained by the athlete's sport.

I suppose it would be interesting but would be a bit like comparing runners and weightlifters to sedentary people. In fact I think that group would be better for control...

[vibrio]

Most wind instruments require pretty unique tongue actions for 'punctuation' of music. I can speak for the potential for trumpet to be pretty grueling on both lips and tongue for pieces that are rapid, staccato and/or long.