[schaunwheeler]

I wrote this specifically for data science jobs but I think it translates reasonably well into any technical role:

https://towardsdatascience.com/data-science-career-advice-to...

The short answer is that it all depends on what you are looking for in a position.

The longer answer is ask them what they do (as a company, team, etc.), then ask them what infrastructure (technical and organizational) they have in place to do that. Then ask them about non-managerial growth paths (unless you're a manager).

Finally, ask them to give you a question - some business problem they're trying to solve - that they themselves don't know the answer to. Ask to sit in a room with the people who would be involved in planning a solution to that problem, and actually plan out the initial steps of solving it. That will tell you more about the team dynamics and the workplace environment than any explicit questions you might ask.