[zadjii]

Technically, any executable that's compiled as a commandline application is going to get a console allocated for it, no matter what on Windows. I don't believe that's something we can fix retroactively unfortunately, that's just a part of how things have to be.

Now, I believe that python could have python.exe compiled as a win32 application, then call AllocateConsole as soon as the script called print() or something. If the app was already running in a console, I believe (don't quote me) that AllocateConsole won't allocate a new console for it, but if it doesn't yet have a console it'll spawn one.

[rossy]

I think the behaviour of cmd.exe is part of the problem here. When an interactive cmd.exe launches a console-subsystem app, it waits for the process to finish before showing the prompt again, but when it launches a GUI-subsystem app, cmd.exe writes the prompt again immediately, so even if the new process calls AttachConsole(ATTACH_PARENT_PROCESS) before it tries to write to the console, it will write over cmd.exe's prompt, which makes a poor user experience.

So, if someone wants to make a "dual-mode" app that works as a win32-subsystem app when launched from Explorer and a console-subsystem app when launched from a console, they have to choose between two bad options. They can make their app a console-subsystem app, which means a console will always briefly appear on screen when the app is started (no matter how quickly the app calls FreeConsole(),) or they can make their app a GUI-subsystem app (that opportunistically calls AttachConsole(),) which behaves sub-optimally in cmd.exe.

Maybe the solution is to add a flag (in the .manifest file?) that makes the console initially hidden for a console-subsystem app. That would prevent the brief appearance of a console window when launching a console-subsystem app from Explorer. Then there would be no need for pythonw.exe and python.exe could show the console window only after a message is printed.

[exikyut]

Hmmm.

MSDN doesn't really say much about AllocConsole(), if that's the right function: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/console/allocconsol...

If AllocConsole does behave in the way you say (which I understand it may{, not}), then the documentation sorely needs updating, because right now that bit of functionality (if it is there) is rather implicit.

It would be really cool to effectively deprecate the current console functionality and make it relatively straightforward to use the PTY API going forward, adding the bits people need to support use cases like this (allocating a console when/as it's needed).

Perhaps Visual Studio could introduce a new template for commandline applications that targets the PTY, and put "(Recommended)" next to that one? :D

[JdeBP]

> It would be really cool to effectively deprecate the current console functionality and make it relatively straightforward to use the PTY API going forward,

Please no!

The console subsystem in Windows is what terminal I/O evolved into, in the 1980s. Going back to terminal I/O is a massively retrograde step.

In any case, for addressing the problem at hand removing the console API is not the answer. rossy has explained what the problems actually are, which relate to the command interpeter waiting for processes to terminate and whether Win32 program image files are marked as GUI or console.

Personally I have always regarded that behaviour of Microsoft's command interpreter as a flaw, not a feature. I've always turned it off in JP Software command interpreters, which make it configurable. I didn't implement it in my command interpreter. However, I do appreciate that Microsoft's strong commitment to backwards compatibility hampers what can be done.

* https://jpsoft.com./help/waiting.htm

[exikyut]

Hmmm. Good point. I can't say I think the PTY architecture is actually fun or anything, it's brain-numbing. Now I realize what I was asking I disagree too, hah!

IMO, the "real" answer - the viable one :) - is a redesigned console model that supersets/encapsulates what already exists in such a way that things remain backward compatible but incorporate features that allow for progressive enhancement. The question is in how to actually build that out; what to start with, what to do when and where, etc.

Probably the most important thing I'd start with is having each console be like an independent terminal server: make it so anything can watch all the stdio streams of everything attached to the PTY, make it possible to introspect the resulting terminal stream, etc. Then the TTY itself could be queried to get the character cell grid, query individual characters, etc. And also make it possible to change arbitrary PTY+TTY settings [out from under whatever's using a given console] as well.

By "anything can watch" I mean that there would be an actual "terminal server" somewhere, likely in a process that owned a bunch of ptys, and this would have an IPC API to do monitoring and so forth. Obviously security and permissions would need to be factored in.

But this would roughly take the best from the UNIX side (line disciplines are kind of cool, having the PTY architecture Just Work with RS232 is... I understand the history, but it makes for an interesting current-day status quo, IMO), and then combine this with the best of the Win32 side (reading what's on the screen!!!!! Yes please!!).

I'm not sure how to build something sane that could incorporate graphics though. ReGIS and Sixel are... no. 8-bit cleanness is an unfortunately-probable requirement for portability (at least UTF-8 can be shooed away in broken environments with a LC_ALL=C), but base64 encoding is also equally no. Referencing files (what Enlightenment's Terminology does) is a nononono. w3m-image's approach of taking over the X11 drawable associated with the terminal window is awesome in its hilarious terribleness. The best I can think of is a library that all image/UI operations would be delegated to, which would do some escape-sequence dances with the terminal (and whatever proxies were in the way?) to detect capabilities and either use out-of-channel communications (???) to send the image data over rapidly, or alternatively 8-bit or 7-bit encode the image data into the TTY stream (worst case scenario).

This is a bit hazy/sketchily laid out, but it's something I've been thinking about for several years. When I started out pondering all of this stuff circa 2006 I was most definitely all over the place :) I'm a bit better now but I still have a lot of unresolved ideas/things. I'm trying to build a from-scratch UX that provides a more flexible model to using terminals and browsing the web, but in a way that's backward-compatible and not "different to the point of being boring".

I've (very slowly...) come to understand that slow and progressive enhancement is the only viable path forward (that people will adopt), so I'm trying to understand the best way to do that.

[JdeBP]

Actually, extending it in a native Win32 way in line with the existing console model would have been quite a simple thing.

There are already CONIN and CONOUT objects. One simply needs to make the latter a synchronization object, the former already being waitable. The console screen buffer maintains a dirty rectangle of cells that have been dirtied by any output operation, be it high-level or low-level output. It becomes signalled when that dirty rectangle is not zero-sized, the cursor is moved, or the screen buffer is resized. And there's a new GetConsoleScreenBufferDirtyRect() call that atomically retrieves the current rectangle and resets it to zero.

With that, capturing console I/O is simply a matter of waiting for the console output buffer handle along with all of the other handles that one is waiting for, getting size/cursor info and clearing the dirty rectangle with GetConsoleCursorInfo()/GetConsoleScreenBufferInfo()/GetConsoleScreenBufferDirtyRect(), and reading the new cell values of the dirty rectangle with ReadConsoleOutput().

[cryptonector]

Why... can't you have I/O redirection to the null device and have it understand (and throw away) Console API messages? You might as well also add some pseudo-device to convert Console API messages into Unix-style text streams (with or without metadata converted to terminal control sequences), so that one could redirect console programs' output to files / pipes.

When the user's (programmer's) intent is to run a program with no console window, then that's what they should get: no console window.

[int_19h]

If I remember correctly, this approach breaks if stdin/out is redirected.

There's also some funky stuff about explicit AllocConsole-allocated consoles; for example, when you attach a native debugger, all output from such console is automatically redirected to that debugger (i.e. the VS Output window or similar). This is very annoying in practice.