I'd guess if a researcher has to use P2P there's probably a way for them to get the data / get whitelisted. I'm pretty sure the "P2P is banned" is mostly aimed at download copyright infringing content.
It's more than copyright infringement. Once you start having a few students or researcher deploying P2P, it's going to saturate the dedicated 10 Gb links very quickly.
P2P will consume any amount of upload bandwidth available. It's horrendous to have inside your network, as a university or research center.
It's not much different than any other service, if you don't limit it or use in moderation it'll saturate the network. If someone would host some linux ISO's over http like some universities do for Linux distributions it'll have the same effect.
You could limit upload to be inside the network. P2p is not horrendous to have inside your network, it can save you a lot of download-link if people inside the network share files with each other.
Torrents are the most effective, reliable and convenient way to distribute large files, its adoption shouldn't be blocked by bad configuration and policies.
Linux packages are distributed by HTTP or FTP. There can be public mirrors handled by the network operator or some universities.
It benefits everyone because the automatic mirror selection in Linux distributions picks the lowest latency mirror automatically. That means all OS running in the academic network will pick the public academic mirror, since it's the closest.
> P2P is banned in the French academic network. I expect the same in neighboring countries
There's no Janet policy (UK academic network) against P2P, although there are institutional policies in place (typically for student residential networks).
To be honest it would be difficult to have a policy that wouldn't impinge on some of the more unusual protocols used in research.
Has never been a problem at my German university (don't know if it is theoretically forbidden or not). Sure, if you misbehaved you'd get in trouble with the sysops, but as long as you don't break the network or do something outsiders loudly complain to the university about nobody cares.