No, it's corporate income tax, a direct tax imposed by the federal government on corporations. The rate can be 15% to 35% but there are so many deductions available that large companies like Amazon are often able to dodge it completely. For instance, the article mentions a $917 million deduction on stock options exercised by employees, which was probably the bulk of the deductions.
Because, rightly, corporations do not pay tax on revenue, but on profit. The reason for this is that it should not cost more in taxes to buy something from a company which has secondary suppliers, than from a vertical company.
https://www.seattlepi.com/business/tech/article/Amazon-paid-...