[walrus01]

the average cat3 racer has nowhere near the financial resources to engage in highly advanced technical doping methods.

[maxxxxx]

You can get epo and steroids relatively cheaply if you want to. You don't need highly advanced technical methods to get an advantage. When I look around my gym I and look at the physique of the guys training then either people have become more muscular in the last 20 years or they are on something. I think it's the latter.

[walrus01]

https://www.outsideonline.com/1924306/drug-test

Sure, you can get it. Where the "Advanced" part comes in is passing cat1 level blood and urine tests taken at random times in random places.

[maxxxxx]

At what level are they starting this kind of test? I assume this is very expensive so it's probably not at the lower level.

[nl]

US Cycling tests at the amateur and masters level.

It’s not expensive once the infrastructure exists, the marginal cost is pretty small.