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There are many variables to this. I believe politics/economics, culture and religion do have their fair share of weight. For example communist countries, which have been ideologically opposite to religion, provided higher education to women, compulsory even. On the other hand I've read that in Nazi Germany women were also given quite a lot of rights and work responsibilities.

I just yesterday searched github to investigate female employers of the likes of google and microsoft. A significant amount of them were Chinese or Indian. It's really about how much resources a country invests in free (university level) education.