[mc32]

Well, they can generally be handled by attrition.

The US is pretty much ZPG, if you discount immigrants. So, one way to address the issue, is to be more selective on who you let into the country.

Europe and East Asia (but not SEAsia) are also naturally decreasing in population. So, there may be a natural effect which may counteract the contraction in jobs in highly industrialized/mature economies.

Places which have not addressed their pop growth may be in trouble; however, if we look at China, they proved pop growth is manageable.