[brudgers]

I believe that the biggest exit ever, remains Microsoft. It is said to have produced more than 10,000 millionaires in 1986 dollars in addition to the handful of billionaires. Now technically, since it took $1,000,000 VC funding in 1981 [1], it doesn't meet your criteria. On the other hand, because it was a profitable company with a high pre-money valuation, the founders + Ballmer kept control. Because the valuation was high and the investment small, the VC had little effect on how the money was distributed.

I say this because, never taking VC is not a great long term business goal. Accepting outside investment is a business decision and one that in Microsoft's case probably helped all their employees and certainly did not hurt them.

[1]: https://www.crunchbase.com/organization/microsoft