[ktta]

Your DNS numbers are off because you aren't counting IP and UDP headers

See my edit - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15912467

[cthalupa]

Even using -e and looking at length I'm still significantly under 1380 bytes.

dig/ntpq on osx.

[ktta]

Can you take a look at the edit and comment on where your numbers differ exactly? I tried to be as accurate as possible. I used the busybox_NTPD from https://busybox.net/downloads/binaries/