Yes but Hashicporp Vault has a greater scope in that it addresses the secure introduction problem, provides single usage/read once tokens, tokens with TTLs and limited use, has audit capabilities etc. Although there is some overlap in general secret management between Ansible Vault and Hashicorp Vault, the latter is much broader than just a means of secure storage for config management.
A lot of what Hashicorp Vault does is already provided for (in AWS at least) with KMS, Cloudtrail, Parameter Store, and IAM (which can be used in symphony with Ansible Vault).
I have very little experience with GCP and Azure, but it seems like Hashicorp is reinventing the wheel in AWS with Vault.