[ljcrabs]

Is the harm then a) that these people are exposed to the larger ideology, or b) that these people don't have the critical thinking tools or habits to see these ideologies for what they are?

I think it's (b).

In life we are exposed to a lot of bad ideologies, and the only thing that can help us navigate these ideas is our own thick skin and critical thinking tools and habits. The only way you develop these are through exposure and practice.

[AaronFriel]

I think that if you think the solution to ideological waves taking over governments is merely better education, you will be woefully unprepared for whatever ideology the next wave of fascism or otherwise sweeps the world.