[jcelerier]

> OOP has lots of well-known unique characteristics such as inheritance, dynamic dispatch, polymorphism, encapsulation, etc...

OO just means that you have a semantic entity, the object, which contains data and to which you associate code. Your main tool to work with is this object; just like in FP your main tool to work with is the function to which you associate data through closures and currying. Likewise, in logic programming your main tool is the constraint. And these aren't relevant to the language. You can do both OO and FP in most mainstream languages.

> dynamic dispatch

is just allowing to associate a different implementation to the same function name. Every languages that have some kind of function pointer allow this.

> polymorphism

is in almost every language, including FP.

    data Tree a = Empty | Node a (Tree a) (Tree a)

is polymorphism. C++ templates are polymorphism. Rust traits are polymorphism.

> message-passing

is only relevant if you adhere to Alan Kay's vision of objects. I personally don't (even if the guy coined the term).

[wfunction]

A lot of misunderstanding in what you wrote, but to comment on two parts:

> Every languages that have some kind of function pointer allow this.

It doesn't seem like you're reading the discussion. The claim the parent made was that "every time you do {X}, it is OOP". My reply was "yes, you can do OOP in C, but OOP implies far more than just {X} (it implies {Y}, etc.); merely {X} does not imply OOP".

You reply with "languages that have function pointers allow {Y}". Well yes, they do allow {Y}. Most/all of them in fact probably allow OOP in full. Nobody suggested such languages don't allow OOP (in fact I said the opposite about C). What does that have to do with the entire discussion and argument? Your argument isn't even wrong... it doesn't even compile.

> message-passing is only relevant if you adhere to Alan Kay's vision of objects. I personally don't (even if the guy coined the term).

This 100% completely misses the point of what I said. Replace it with "procedural call" if you're allergic to "message passing". The point I was making was we're talking about subroutine calls: you call a procedure and wait for it to produce a single value as the resulting output before proceeding. Again: if you're not used to other paradigms then that might be why you're missing my point here and adversely reacting to superficial things like the nomenclature. Whether you dress it as message passing or anything else has nothing to do with the issue.

[jcelerier]

> yes, you can do OOP in C, but OOP implies far more than just {X}

maybe it was not clear, the point I am trying to get across is that "OOP implies far more than just {X} " is incorrect; OOP doesn't imply any of inheritance, dynamic dispatch, run-time polymorphism, etc. I took function pointers as an example of why "supporting dynamic dispatch" is irrelevant for categorizing programming languages as OOP / not OOP (and I would even say that doing such a categorization is in itself a worthless idea).

> you call a procedure and wait for it to produce a single value as the resulting output before proceeding

I must admit my ignorance : which languages except prolog don't work like this ?

[wfunction]

> I took function pointers as an example of why "supporting dynamic dispatch" is irrelevant for categorizing programming languages as OOP / not OOP.

Again, like everywhere else in your comments, you're conflating and confusing the language with the model/paradigm and keep trying to shove a language into a programming paradigm. Firstly, you can do OOP in assembly and yet it's not an "OOP language". The language is quite independent of the paradigm. Secondly, who was even trying to categorize languages here? You keep thinking the argument is about categorizing languages and then refute a nonexistent discussion...

> I must admit my ignorance : which languages except prolog don't work like this ?

Again: the discussion is not about trying to shove languages into categories; it's about programming paradigms. You can use the same language to code in multiple paradigms.

Look up "actor-oriented programming". It's a different model meant for concurrent processes, i.e. it's not a subroutine model since you don't need to wait for the procedure to finish and produce a result before continuing.

There are lot of "models of computation" out there (probably a better search term than "programming paradigm", btw) and people go so far as to do PhDs on these. I suggest looking around and not assuming everything is some trivial variation of OOP or FP or DP (declarative programming) or whatever you saw in undergrad.