That's not just "AST transform system", Sweet.js provides a way to extend grammar with new productions. That allows to introduce new syntax constructs.
You're absolutely right; Babel's parser is very much hand-coded, and adding syntax requires deep knowledge of the internals. Not impossible, but not for the faint of heart. My dreams of having the safe navigation operator from Coffeescript (a?.b?.c) must yet remain unfulfilled...
The Law of Demeter doesn't always apply neatly, especially when you're introspecting JSON sent over the wire and you don't have a "class" with object oriented behavior for each sub object (at best, they're strongly typed). And the runtime overhead AND verbosity of a function may not be ideal, with the string parsing required in lodash and the awkward syntax of the curried function. Something that compiles natively in a DRY way to a && a.b ... would be used widely imo.