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by travisoliphant 3272 days ago
Original NumPy author here. I have a lot to say on this topic, given that it has literally consumed my life over the past 20 years. You can go here for some thoughts about some of this: http://technicaldiscovery.blogspot.com/ There are several articles there that relate but in particular http://technicaldiscovery.blogspot.com/2012/10/continuum-and... and http://technicaldiscovery.blogspot.com/2017/02/numfocus-past...

I knew what I was getting into when I wrote NumPy. I knew there was not a clear way to support my family by releasing open source software, and I knew I was risking my academic career.

I did it because I believed in the wider benefit of ideas that can be infinitely shared once created and the need for software infrastructure to be open-source --- especially to empower the brightest minds to create. I did it because others had done it before me and I loved using the tools they created. I hoped I would inspire others to share what they could.

There have been a lot of people who have helped over the years. From employers willing to allow a few hours here and there to go to the project, to community members willing to spend nights and weekends with you making things work, to investors (at Continuum) willing to help you build a business centered on Open Source.

There are many people who are helping to fix the problem. In 2012, I had two ideas as to how to help. Those who know me will not be surprised to learn that I pursued both of them. One was the creation of NumFOCUS that is working as a non-profit to improve things. The second was the creation of Continuum (http://www.continuum.io) to be a company that would work to find a way to pay people to work on Open Source full-time.

We have explored several business models and actually found three that work pretty well for us. One we are growing with investors, a second we are continuing with, and another we are actually in the process of helping others get started with and ramping down on ourselves.

Along the way, I've learned that open source is best described in the business world as "shared R&D". To really take advantage of that R&D you need to particpate in it.

We call our group that does that our "Community Innovation" group. We have about 35 people in that group now all building open-source software funded via several mechanisms.

We are looking for people to help us continue this journey of growing a company that resonantly contributes significantly to Open Source as part of its mission. If you are interested, contact me --- I am easy to track down via email.

1 comments

Hey, Travis, one question: have you managed to avoid selling non-free software? Everyone seems to think that eventually the way to sell free software is to sell some secret sauce on the side. Is this something you have completely eschewed?

I ask because for Octave this is a non-negotiable requirement. Partly because of the GPL, but mostly because we really do believe that the whole point of Octave is to get away from non-free software, as a matter of principle -- if you want non-free software, there's already a Matlab. Is there any way to generate enough money without a EULA?

I believe it is true that you can make more money selling non-free software (some of the profits from which should always be used to make free software).

You can generate money only through free software, however. Here are three approaches I have found: 1) Consult on projects that use the free software and use some of the profits to support that free software, 2) Sell enterprise-grade support on the free software to big companies. This is much more than just help-desk and answer the phone. All commercial software comes with a big contract. You provide the same kind of contract just no license restrictions. Others can do the same and so you have to distinguish yourself by either having all or most of the experts on the software or just really good marketing. 3) Dual license using GPL3/AGPL for the free version and a commercial license and then aggressively go after people for GPL violations if they don't get the commercial license.

I don't like the relationships created by the third model --- your sales processes become aggressive and counter-service minded by definition. I don't see it scaling and really providing value.

The other two are really hard to impossible to get investors exited about and therefore you struggle to get the capital together you need to prime the customer pump.

There is a another general model with many corollaries where you basically "do something else" that uses the software as a critical part of the business and let the profits of that activity fund open-source development.

A lot of open-source these days is actually funded by this kind of activity (or from VC's hoping to profit from a promise of great wealth from this kind of activity).

In 2006 you sold documentation for NumPy [0] - how did that work out?

0. http://csc.ucdavis.edu/~chaos/courses/nlp/Software/NumPyBook...