It has to have the ME silicon and the AMT enabled firmware. According to Matthew Garrett, who I'd generally trust on this stuff, Apple hasn't ever shipped AMT-enabled firmware.
It's nice to see that for once it's a good thing that Apple hardly ever ships standard firmware and instead usually leaves out all the components and features they don't plan to use.
vPro isn't a CPU, it's a particular combination of CPU, PCH (southbridge), Intel NIC/WiFi, and AMT firmware. There's no evidence that Macs have AMT or vPro.
You're right about that. Intel's product lineup is a huge mishmash of optional features that no one understands and now it's going to bite them. (But not really, because what else are you going to buy? A Ryzen laptop?)