Envision a distribution where the median is far lower than the mean. (I think median in US is mid-50's, average is mid-70's.)
Then imagine what it takes to bring the median closer - you have to squash the curve (make it more progressive). You can either lop of the top end, shore up the low end, or do some combination of the two.
To get a sense of just how progressive the tax system could be, consider the rule of thumb that the value of money is roughly logarithmic.
Logarithmic tax systems have been designed - here's a simple one as a thought experiment. They call it the logarithmic flat tax. First, figure out your yearly revenue. Then, figure out how many times the poverty rate your income is. Then take the log of that number, and then multiply it by a certain flat constant that would be the same for everyone (to get the amount of tax revenue the united states needs for instance - for the united states, that would be around 9). The resulting number is the percentage of your gross that you should pay in taxes.
If you apply that to all individuals and businesses, then you have a progressive tax system that is basically equal in terms of how much it "hurts" for every payer (the value of money being roughly logarithmic). Hint, it's probably much lower than you are currently paying unless you are Apple or Exxon. Last I checked, Bill Gates roughly pays an appropriate amount.
When combined with meaningful social benefits (like healthcare and daycare) and/or a negative income tax (like the earned income tax credit), it lifts the effective post-tax median wage.
Then imagine what it takes to bring the median closer - you have to squash the curve (make it more progressive). You can either lop of the top end, shore up the low end, or do some combination of the two.
To get a sense of just how progressive the tax system could be, consider the rule of thumb that the value of money is roughly logarithmic.
Logarithmic tax systems have been designed - here's a simple one as a thought experiment. They call it the logarithmic flat tax. First, figure out your yearly revenue. Then, figure out how many times the poverty rate your income is. Then take the log of that number, and then multiply it by a certain flat constant that would be the same for everyone (to get the amount of tax revenue the united states needs for instance - for the united states, that would be around 9). The resulting number is the percentage of your gross that you should pay in taxes.
If you apply that to all individuals and businesses, then you have a progressive tax system that is basically equal in terms of how much it "hurts" for every payer (the value of money being roughly logarithmic). Hint, it's probably much lower than you are currently paying unless you are Apple or Exxon. Last I checked, Bill Gates roughly pays an appropriate amount.