Seriously thank you for this. So many "Python-Go" articles are indiscernible from Google marketingspeak and just sit on the front of HN without being called out. Your list of tests will be a great reference.
The lens through which I resolve Go is "it solves Google's problems". These relate to a systems programming codebase in Python and C++. Go makes clear sense for parallel contexts (though nobody has Google's problems). In other use cases, it is more or less just another general purpose programming language and the engineering tradeoffs are less obvious and the programmer ergonomics are more a matter of taste.
That's very true. In fact, for most new projects you will never reach the problems or scale to benefit from Go sweet spot. JS will give you the "one language to rule it all the web stack" benefit. Python will give you the "good for almost any task" benefit. Rust will give you the "safe bare metal language" benefit. Erlang the "unkillable service" benefit. Java the "huge pool of talent" benefit. Etc.
For Go, it's not as easy to justify it so you should spend some serious thinking time before investing on it. The reward can be great, but the cost just as well.