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Only Atlantic salmon are farmed in the United States and Europe. There's some farming of Pacific salmon in Chile and New Zealand, but overall it's a rounding error compared to the amount of farmed Atlantic salmon.

Most salmon (Atlantic or Pacific) only spawn once and then die, but occasionally an Atlantic salmon will survive to make another trip.

There's really no hard and fast distinction between what's called a "salmon" and what's called a "trout", other than salmon typically spending time at sea. For example, Oncorhynchus mykiss is called a "rainbow trout" if it remains in freshwater its entire life. It naturally has pale flesh (though farmed rainbow is often given the same pigments as the farmed salmon). If it spends time at sea, the exact same fish is called a "steelhead" (occasionally, a "steelhead salmon") and has red or pink flesh.

A near-relative, Oncorhynchus nerka, is called the "red salmon" or "sockeye salmon"if it spends time at sea, but "kokanee", "kokanee trout" or "silver trout" if it remains landlocked.

And so on.