[emersonrsantos]

Āryabhaṭa's sine table, the first known mathematical LUT, was made around 500 DC:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Āryabhaṭa's_sine_table

[jacobolus]

> first known mathematical LUT

Babylonian multiplication and reciprocal tables are about 2500 years older.

For that matter, Hipparchus and Ptolemy’s chord tables are also centuries older, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemy's_table_of_chords