No, lol, it's exactly normal compilation. It's a buzzword that differentiates languages without normal compilation (esp using VM's or interpreters) from special implementations of them that do support that. The latter have "AOT" compilation. Wikipedia states the difference is AOT compiles the bytecode of an existing VM. It's still just a compiler, though, given the end result is mostly the same.
Yeap. It's quite a common linguistic phenomenan, when a term like JIT stops being a fringe thing and enters mainstream discourse among an audience, what used to just be "normal" now gets a name.
"Imperative programming" might be another one. IRL, think about how "cisgender" has entered into mainstream vocabulary in the past few years, or "heterosexual" many years before that.
Yes, because nowadays VM with dynamic compilation are a thing on mainstream computing, which used to be only available on mainframes or specialized hardware systems like those developed at Xerox PARC, DEC and ETHZ.
So ahead-of-time compilation, as linguistic term and CS literature, was born as a way to differentiate from dynamic compilation.