[nom]

>Like with a grating I can see how you can obtain a spectral pattern for many wavelengths, but with a bayer array, surely you can only distinguish R, G, B.

They inversed the principle: Rather than controlling the bandpass of the sensor (which a grating does passively, over the spatial domain) they are controlling the spectrum of the light source. You can produce a varying light spectrum by setting R/G/B on the display, and record the light reflected by the object with your R/G/B camera pixels, which also have a certain frequency response.

I have a feeling you can use this to recreate a coarse approximation of the full spectrum and then use it to infer some of the object parameters, like pesticides on fruit.