You're right. And Vulkan is based on Mantle which was already available in 2013 (in drivers; with api docs available in 2015 for some reason[1]). Why Kronos/Valve/etc didn't use Metal as a starting point, I don't know.
Metal in 2014 is a different animal than Metal in 2016.
In 2014, it assumed that the GPU has unified memory architecture, for example (i.e. the GPU can access a memory buffer that you have a pointer to). That's why it was introduced on iOS only.
[1] http://www.anandtech.com/show/9095/amd-mantle-api-programmin...