[mannykannot]

I don't think the 'map' is actually telling us anything very different than the 'for'. It is an issue I have with most articles in this vein, and this one is no different: they give simple, obvious examples that do not suggest that there is much practical difference between the approaches. We could do with some articles in which the examples are sufficiently well-developed that the advantages are clearly non-trivial.

It might be said that any such example would be too complex and drawn-out for an article like this, but if so, then to me that is like the drunk looking for his keys under the lamp-post: writing an article that claims a simple example shows a profound difference, when it does not, suggests that the Emperor's wardrobe is threadbare. The thing to do is to provide links to articles where this is worked out in sufficient depth, and I would like to see some of those links here.

[mercer]

Even though I share your concern, at least in my own code 'map' usually does tell me things that 'for' doesn't. Because if I were filtering a list, I'd use filter or reduce, if I were picking an element from a list I'd use pluck or whatnot, etc. So seeing a 'map' means that 99% of the time I'm transforming one set of values into another set without removing or adding elements.

[village-idiot]

Sure it does. For can be used for any of the following.

* Mapping (producing a data structure of the same size/type)

* Filtering (producing a data structure of the same type buy smaller)

* Side effects

* Collecting (producing a different data structure)

If you're incredibly unlucky or foolish a for loop might be doing more than one operation at a time!

Assuming you're only using the return types, map, filter, and collect are very clear about having only one purpose.

If that's not telling you more I don't know what is.

[mannykannot]

That's a fair point about map being constrained in the top-level structure of what it returns, but what map actually does depends on the function that is being mapped, and includes the possibility of more than one operation at a time - and if your language allows side-effects it can do that too. The point is that you have to look at the 'blah, blah, blah' to know what is happening (actually, the point of my original post is about extravagant claims of what simple examples demonstrate...)

[Zak]

Sometimes you can use bit-shift operations instead of multiplication and division, but you probably shouldn't unless you're an optimizing compiler or in a situation where you're doing the job of one by hand. Likewise, you probably shouldn't use a side-effecting function with map.

[mannykannot]

Exactly - the mere fact that map is being used does not automatically make things better; it can be abused just as a loop can (if using a side effect in a map would be a bad idea, the reasons for it being so would presumably apply to the equivalent loop.)

A more useful question is how can map, used properly, make things better, and I stand by my claim that the simple examples of the sort given in this article, and articles like it, fail to make that case.

[Zak]

I think map implies a data transformation without side effects. When I read 'map' in code, that's what I'm expecting. I expect I can replace 'map' with a parallel version that doesn't guarantee the order in which the elements will be processed and not change the semantics of the program. I expect that if I want to swap in an alternate function, I only need to be concerned with its ability to handle the inputs, produce the outputs and be a logically valid transformation.

I have no such expectations of a loop until I've read and understood its body. I hardly have any expectations of a loop at all until I've understood the whole thing.

And that's how map, used properly makes things better. It communicates what kinds of things the reader should expect it to do and not do. It reduces the cognitive load of reading the program, as if, for example, you're scanning for where a certain side effect happens, you can skip the function called by 'map' on your first pass through. It shouldn't happen there; maybe it could, but it should be pretty far down the list of places to check.

[mannykannot]

I don't think you are giving yourself enough credit here: it is you who has chosen to adopt good practices, not map that is obliging you to do so.

Mea culpa: I have to admit that I have sometimes used side-effects in map to modify the members of a list returned by a function reading data from a stream.

[hexagonc]

I think the semantics of "map" are quite a bit more specific than "for". For one thing, "map" functions have a return value which is usually the same length as its argument, which is usually a sequential data-structure. On the other hand, "for"-like functions or statements cannot or do not return values. True, if you ignore the return value from "map", it usually works the same as a "for" loop but the opposite is not true. The return value from 'map' is all the difference in the world and allows chaining of transformations amongst other things.

[mannykannot]

Putting aside languages in which loops may be expressions, you (and also village-idiot) are talking about how a program does things, not what it does, and what I am saying is that the case for map, etc. improving readability, reliability or productivity over the equivalent loop-based code is not made through simple examples. I am inclined to believe that functional programming is a better paradigm, but I did not arrive at that opinion from simple examples.