Probably. The question is whether or not the US can still negotiate a better trade deal on our terms, but China will definitely seize this chance to propose their own less-drama version for other Pacific countries.
The results of Trump's actions WRT TPP are a couple years down the road. By dismantling the TPP now he reaps the political benefits, leaving the negatives for later. This allows him to expand on his agenda.
Which is how it should be. Why a trade deal whose members are mostly Asian countries, excluded the largest economy in that area, and who in fact being the biggest trade partners of those countries? China should be in the center of such deal, not being excluded from it.