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There are many. One really useful one is that final variables will be pulled out along with their dead code branches. Say I have a library which allows different "sizes" of a list. The fastest way to sort that list depends on the number of max entries.

With JIT you can set the size when you create the object, and if JVM knows that value can't change it will pull out all the branches for different sizes and run only the one for selected size.

There's no way to know which sizes will be selected at compile time if the lists can be dynamically created, so a static compiler can never pull out all the checks the list size.

This is a simple example but the JIT is very smart and makes a big speed difference in practice. It's the main reason Java is faster than C in some benchmarks