What keeps people from doing that on subways now? Nothing but the social contract, and so subways are generally somewhat dirtier than cabs, but still get you from point A to point B.
The difference is you have much more privacy in an Uber vehicle. Someone about to make a mess in the subway might be more inclined to wait until they get off vs a private vehicle with just them in there.
How do you have more privacy in an Uber vehicle that knows your identity, everything about your trip and can bill you for any damage? You're anonymous on most transit.