We've got dedicated build actions for Java, .NET/.NET Core and Python that you can use to build and test your app. What do you mean by Windows Docker containers exactly?
A container in which you can run Windows processes. I'll be honest and admit that I haven't done my homework on this and I don't even know if anyone does this.
Windows Containers only went GA fairly recently with Windows Server 2016, so it is unlikely that many are using them yet. I have yet to see any CI services that mention any plans to support windows containers or acknowledge their existence.