[fhuszar]

Some of the deeper - and wider - convolutional neural network-based SR methods do this, implicitly. We have a few papers, like SRGAN (https://arxiv.org/abs/1609.04802) or AffGAN (https://arxiv.org/abs/1610.04490) that generate pretty interesting context-aware textures. Sophisticated hallucination of missing details comes at a cost: As one would expect, in some cases the algorithm guesses incorrectly. See for example Figure 5 of AffGAN paper, column 3: when superresolving an image of a snake, the algorithm mistakenly thought it's a body of water, and produces textures accordingly. Overall we found that most people find the results of GAN-based approaches superior to other ML-based techniques.