Lane (first author) here -- happy to take questions on behalf of the co-authors.
xangg already pointed out the nice followup from Matthew Kay and Jeff Heer (https://idl.cs.washington.edu/files/2015-BeyondWebersLaw-Inf...). I'll also direct folks to Ron Rensink's original paper and his several followup papers targeting the underlying mechanisms of correlation perception (https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=s_5xXxQXpU0C...)