It's important to understand that this is not a technical talk/article and providing those examples in a sense "there are data, people analyze it, here are some stuff you might've heard" is fine.
You wouldn't complain that someone mentioned astronomy and music as an example in the talk about education, even though those are quite different disciplines.
Unsupervised learning: Learning without a set of labels.
Big Data: Collecting / using large amount of data.
Deep Learning: Complex, multilayer representations which perform better than shallow/linear representations.
AI: Artificial Intelligence, an overarching subject or grouping of subjects involved in building intelligent systems.
Can you imagine someone talking about space exploration while making a statement such as
>> "The names keep changing—it used to be black holes, now it’s called radio telescope or reusable launch system or Astronomy"
Thats how ridiculous the original statement is.