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by Araq 3546 days ago
Compiling to C vs using LLVM is a complex design tradeoff. For example, the Posix standard specifies a C interface. Quote: "The stat structure shall contain at least the following members..." This means you can wrap 'struct stat' in Nim once and be done with it (since the mapping to C is by generating C code) whereas for eg Rust you need to wrap it once for every different OS (and potentially even for every OS version+CPU combination), since the offsets and sizes can differ. So yes, porting to other platforms really is easier when you have a C code generator.
2 comments
pcwalton 3545 days ago
There are other ways to address this issue. You can do what Swift does and call into libclang so that you can pull out the structure definitions, for instance.

Furthermore, if your frontend doesn't know about structure layout then you forgo some important systems language features. For example, you can't implement sizeof as a compile time constant.

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Araq 3544 days ago
> There are other ways to address this issue. You can do what Swift does and call into libclang so that you can pull out the structure definitions, for instance.

Sure and you only need to call libclang for each different platform. Or is it on every platform? ;-)

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steveklabnik 3546 days ago
Wouldn't you just use libc directly from Rust if you wanted that?

(I agree that it's a tradeoff generally, I'm just not sure this example is particularly motivating.)

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SamReidHughes 3546 days ago
> Wouldn't you just use libc directly from Rust if you wanted that?

No, because the interface is

    int stat(const char *path, struct stat *buf);
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steveklabnik 3546 days ago
https://docs.rs/libc/0.2.16/libc/fn.stat.html

?

(Which is how stuff like https://docs.rs/libc/0.2.16/libc/fn.stat.html is built)

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SamReidHughes 3546 days ago
It would be physically impossible for a call to that function to work with a single definition of the struct stat, because the set of fields (and their ordering) and struct size differ between platforms. So that libc wrapper must provide separate definitions of the struct for each platform.
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steveklabnik 3545 days ago
Ah, sorry! I was thinking about things like "the size of this type is different per-platform," not "every single platform has a different definition of this struct."

I still think that, given Cargo, the one-time cost makes it worth it, but after seeing my error, think that the point makes more sense. Thank you for being patient. :)

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