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by germanier 3560 days ago
The structure you describe is called "Versicherungsverein auf Gegenseitigkeit" in Germany. They are the oldest kind of insurance and still occupy a respectable portion of the market.

Public social insurance is even more P2P than that as dues are calculated based on actual payouts. This is most pronounced in the mandatory worker's accident insurance where employers just pay their share (based on size and risk profile) of last year's claims in their sector.

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The English term for that is "Mutual insurance" and they exist in almost any country.