[MatmaRex]

I think OP's list of essential algorithms is a bit too long. I agree that knowing what a binary search is, or graph traversal, is something that everyone writing code should know, and something that does come up reasonably often. (And recursion, heh.)

But binary trees? Last time I needed them was in a CS class. Linked lists? They only came up when I had to convince a coworker that we really don't need to implement one in JS, we only have 50 items here, and someone is going to forget to update a linked list if we use one.