[usrusr]

The army was. Erdogan has gone to great lengths to dismantle the army's tradition of constitution over nominal leadership. Already years ago people started to suspect that this time, there won't be a coup like so many times before. If what the government claims is true ("Gülen parallel structure"), then the coup was staged by people who got into army leadership positions as replacements for ousted kemalists, back when AKP and Gülen were still allies.