[InclinedPlane]

It's not a fiction, nor is it "photoshop", it's actual data.

The basic problem of all astronomy from Earth's surfaces is that the atmosphere impedes seeing. So much so that even small backyard telescopes rapidly reach the limit of atmospheric seeing before hitting the limits of diffraction. There are several ways around this. One is to leave the atmosphere entirely, resulting in the stunning capabilities of space based observatories like Hubble. Another is adaptive optics, which relies on various techniques to read the atmospheric disturbance causing degraded seeing and precisely counteracting it by interposing a reactive optical element.

The technique in question is basically a sort of poor man's adaptive optics related to speckle imaging (another technique employed for the same purpose). For bright objects (like planets) an image exposure using modern CCDs need only be a fraction of a second. Which provides the opportunity to collect many of them over a period of time, which is something that many cameras already do quite well by recording video. The alternative of counteracting poor atmospheric seeing is to hope you get lucky and capture a moment where atmospheric distortion is at a minimum. Such moments are rare and fleeting, but over the course of hundreds or thousands of images from a video stream, there will be a few. The trick is to find the best moments of seeing for a given portion of the image from within the frames and combine all of them together into a single image. You then have essentially a "dream team" of atmospheric seeing conditions for every part of the image. Every part is real, and the overall image is a true representation, not a fantasy.

However, your point about the futility of comparing the two is accurate. Comparing a single image from Juno to the best thing produced from a backyard astronomer ever is not a good comparison. Especially since Juno will collect a great many more pictures and is not at all optimized for taking pictures at its current distance from Jupiter. The best pictures of Jupiter from Juno will outclass anything we've taken with any instrument from any observatory or spacecraft so far, but it'll be a while yet before we have those.