[endersshadow]

One of the nice things about the Kiva robots is that they will actually organize the warehouse based on popularity of the SKUs automagically. Things that are low volume get placed farther away from the pickers, and things that are high volume are never far away from the pickers.

[sgwealti]

Another advantage of the Kiva system is that they are not picky about the types of items that can be stored. They can store and move just about anything that fits on a shelf. Shuttle systems have some restrictions about the types of items that can be stored. Amazon has such a wide range of items that the flexibility of their shelving units allows them to get the most advantage out of their goods-to-person robots.

[sgwealti]

I agree that is an advantage of the goods-to-person robots but shuttle systems do the same thing and are a better use of vertical space.

[endersshadow]

What's an example of them? I'm interested to learn.

[sgwealti]

There are 5 or 6 vendors that have offerings in that space. Some of them are: Opex Perfect Pick, Dematic Mulishuttle 2, Intelligrated OLS Shuttle, Witron's OFS, SSI Schafer's Navette. These solutions are definitely more capital intensive than Kiva robots but they are faster and have a much smaller footprint.

If you have a Kiva-type goods to person robot system and your order profile changes like more lines per order or more order lines of a particular SKU, the system can run into scaling issues. There are only so many robots and so much floor space to navigate in. Shuttles to some extent have the same problem but because of their smaller footprint you run out of horizontal space slower than you do with Kiva robots.

[bedhead]

Isn't the issue that a Kiva system is more scalable since it allows for rapid handling of far more SKUs? A key part of Amazon's retail strategy is that it's the first place you go to look for something because you know they have seemingly product on earth...they're the default e-commerce site for many. My understanding was that these shuttle-type systems simply don't allow for that. Maybe I'm wrong...if so what are the other trade-offs? Thanks

[sgwealti]

With either system you can scale in the following ways: -Add more shelving units to store more SKUs or to store more of faster moving SKUs. -Add more robots to process more order lines simultaneously. -Add more pack stations/labor

Adding more shelving units is limited by floor space. The equivalent scaling for shuttles is adding more aisles. Adding more aisles scales farther than adding more shelving units because it uses the entire vertical height of the building. Even taking mezzanines into account aisles are going to scale farther.

Adding more robots or shuttles will scale until the travel paths are congested. Whichever technology moves faster is going to scale better here. I don't know enough about the speed of the Kiva robots vs shuttles to say who is better here but I suspect shuttles can move faster.

Adding more pack stations is something either type of system can do and I can't see any advantage either system has over the other there. Kiva is probably more flexible here because you don't need expensive conveyor reconfiguration/addition if you want to add more pack stations. Shuttles, with the proper supporting conveyor can probably get higher throughput.

I think where Kiva really shines is in its flexibility. It can store a lot of different types of items and it is flexible in its ability to move stuff around. It is definitely not the most labor efficient goods-to-person automation technology and it is also not a great use of space. It runs into problems if you need to scale up in SKUs per order or overall order lines per day because you don't have enough travel space available to get all that stuff to the pack stations. Based on my ordering habits and what I have seen of friends Amazon is dealing with a very low number of SKUs per order so it works for them.