[vorg]

Groovy originally never had static typing, but was only a dynamic typed complement to Java's static typing. It worked best for this purpose (e.g. testing and manipulating Java classes, scripting in Grails, a DSL for build scripts in Gradle) but fell flat when version 2 retrofitted it with static typing and promoted it as a replacement for Java, on the JVM and Android. Best to use Groovy with a language built from the ground up to be statically typed, like Java, Scala, or Kotlin.

Having said that, I've actually since found Clojure to be better than Groovy at testing Java classes. A well-placed macro can often cut out syntactic clutter when testing some repetitive scenario.