I don't think you'll find 0.2c relative velocities except near very energetic phenomena, especially not of things that are too small to easily see coming.
I think it should be clear from the context that this discussion was about macroscopic objects. Cosmic rays don't carry the kinetic energy equivalent of a medium size nuke.
Their speed isn't particularly relevant, what matters more is their energy. As big as that number is to us, it's still pretty insignificant; there's a lot of objects already traveling around with us in our own solar system with 70kT (per PaulHoule in other comments) of energy. A looooooot of objects. In the grand scheme of things, this is a rounding error on a rounding error. We are small.
It would be nice if they could use solar wind to decelerate as they approached. I know there's not enough energy there to insert them into an orbit, but they might get time for a few more pictures?
The short version is: remember the old Bussard ramscoop idea? You use a magnetic field to collect interstellar hydrogen which you then fuse for thrust? Turns out that in our part of the galaxy, you get more drag from the sail than you do from the fusion thrust, so the idea was scrapped.
An embarrassingly long time later people finally realised that they'd invented a fuelless brake, and the idea was resurrected (but without the fusion drive). The maths are quite plausible and the sail itself trivially simple --- just a wire loop.
However, I don't think they'd be compatible with this idea --- I suspect you wouldn't get one big enough to be useful in a one gram package. But estimating the numbers is beyond me. Here's the paper if you want it. http://www.niac.usra.edu/files/studies/final_report/320Zubri...
Why decelerate? At 0.2c it takes around 40 minutes to cross 1AU. (Ignoring time dilation which is not super significant at 0.2c.) That gives ample time to take photos from a moderate distance.
In a sense, this is essentially what the universe is.