If you wish to be precise, webcomponents.js was broken out of Polymer a while back. See e.g. [1]. In practice, if you use Polymer you are still using the polyfill + the elements from the catalog, as exemplified on [2].
you have to include the polyfills anyway, unless you are targeting something like Electron or an intranet where everybody is guaranteed to be using Chrome.
That's why I put "standard" in quotes; although it's been around for years, it's really only supported by one widely used browser.