[flyingmutant]

If you are interested in this, [Data Structures for Text Sequences](https://www.cs.unm.edu/~crowley/papers/sds.pdf) by Charles Crowley is an excellent paper to study.

[amelius]

Yes, very nice. But it needs an update on structured documents (tree-like, as in HTML). And, ideally, it should be accompanied by work that addresses collaborative editing in such structured documents.