[drostie]

Viewpoints Research Institute, see e.g. http://vpri.org/html/writings.php which has papers like "Checks and Balances - Constraint Solving without Surprises in Object-Constraint Programming Languages" and Alessandro Warth's "Experimenting With Programming Languages" (which led to OMeta/JS, which is I think on GitHub), as well as a ton of Alan Kay talks on fundamental new computing technologies http://vpri.org/html/words_links/links_ifnct.htm .

The way that Datomic uses Datalog is really interesting from a perspective of "new approach to programming" (databases).

Erik Demaine's course on advanced data structures gives some interesting ideas for time-travel-based games: https://courses.csail.mit.edu/6.851/spring14/ . His work also has application to other fields like creating an efficient in-app version control system http://www.cs.utexas.edu/~ecprice/papers/confluent_swat.pdf .

Lots of cool stuff on HaskellWiki; for example https://wiki.haskell.org/Functional_Reactive_Programming .

If you really want to jump into the deep end there's a whole blog called Lambda: the Ultimate about new approaches to programming: http://lambda-the-ultimate.org/