[ianamartin]

Just as a rough outline for how this could work, consider the following syllogism:

All possible interactions are explained by Einstein's Theory of Relativity.

This particular observation is not explained by Einstein.

Therefore this must have a different explanation.

This gives us a testable proposition by definition.

This gives us proposition 2 to focus on and rebut, if we can.

Generally, I think this is how good science works, but it's not codified. An additional benefit to this concept is that if stored in a central location, it gives us a graph network to deal with and search through.

And it gives us a tree to look at. So anything invalidated higher up in the tree invalidates all of its branches.

Which is also good.