I'd love to know what your background in law is to say such an absurd thing. What case would they have ? "We failed to comply with a judicial order and decided to protect criminal's privacy instead, and we got blocked. We want damages". Seriously ?
I think he's talking about TPP or TTIP which so far have nothing to do with Brazil. But who's to say such a deal is not on the plans of some politicians there as a quicker way out of the economic mess currently happening there?
It would require an international treaty with appropriate language to do so (not that it is likely IMHO), but then it can be analogous to the "your environmental laws caused us to shut down our polluting factory, so you owe us damages" cases.