[kuschku]

Actually, Germany has been replacing Affirmative Action in most areas in the past years with purely random, or purely achievement-based systems.

Due to the simple fact that hiring people based on direct affirmative action violates the constitution.

Even the famous "womens quota" in Germany is just a quota that 30% of each gender have to be represented in a company’s board.

(The official statement of the constitutional court regarding affirmative action, which is called "positive discrimination" here, was that "even positive discrimination is, as the name says, still discrimination")