[graphene]

The counterargument is that as more and more industries start to do their engineering at the nanoscale (whether coming from above, as in materials and electronics, or from below as in biochemistry and pharmaceuticals), the physics of their systems will become more similar. This will cause their design rules to also become more and more similar, so it's plausible that you could end up with a small number of players possessing engineering expertise that can be applied to a very wide variety of sectors.

[TeMPOraL]

I don't think it's a counterargument, it's more a prediction for the late-game of manufacturing technology. For the mid-game, I suspect it will be like it's with chemistry, agriculture, pharmaceuticals and biotechnology nowadays - there is no unified sector encompassing all the areas above, but there are big companies, like Monsanto, 3M or DuPoint, doing all four at once, exploiting the relative similarities of the fields.