[aioprisan]

While I can't speak for the rest of the world, the US EPA can fine the manufacturer $37.5k per car with such "discrepancies": "Whether the $7.3 billion set aside is enough to cover VW's costs from the scandal remains to be seen. According to EPA rules, VW could be fined up to $37,500 for each vehicle not in compliance with emissions regulations, or a total of around $18 billion. California regulators could issue their own fines." "The crisis began Friday when the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency accused Volkswagen of installing sophisticated software on nearly 500,000 U.S. vehicles to manipulate emissions tests."

So for the 500k cars sold in the US, they can be fined $37.5k/car, that ads up to $18.75B. And that's just the US costs, assuming absolutely no adverse action for the other 10,500,000 cars that are affected worldwide for these "discrepancies". Do you think there will be 0 costs for the other 10,950,000 affected cars?

[Oletros]

I don't know for what and how much will be fined.

You're so sure that they will be fined a lot for all the cars.

Who is the one making assumptions? You, not me.

[aioprisan]

The likelyhood of the EPA wanting to make an example out of VW and fining them to the maximum allowed level isn't outlandish, but I guess we will have to see, nothing has been decided yet.