[throwaway98031]

Sure! Here is a somewhat recent study on the topic: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811911...

Some of these studies are difficult to interpret without the appropriate background, though, because it's easy to see phrases like "antidepressants decrease resting-state functional connectivity" and assume that decreasing functional connectivity in your brain is necessarily a bad thing. In reality, some types of depression might stem from detrimental alterations in functional connectivity in certain areas that are reversed by anti-depressants.

The most exciting aspect of these types of studies is that researchers are just starting to scratch the surface of being able to tailor antidepressant treatment to different types of depression.

This study: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21205435 for example, found that resting state connectivity in certain areas was correlated with treatment outcome, suggesting that it might be possible to actually measure some of these things and prescribe medications that have a higher chance of working in a given patient.

Very exciting stuff!