> Using JSON.stringify() with any BigInt value will raise a TypeError as BigInt values aren't serialized in JSON by default. However, you can implement your own toJSON method if needed
Sorry, why exactly can’t they also define the json.parse/stringify behavior of bigints? JSON was initially derived from JavaScript, so it seems a bit weird that a new ES standard can’t interoperate with json
> Sorry, why exactly can’t they also define the json.parse/stringify behavior of bigints?
Because every construct in JSON already has a defined way that it is parsed into JS and incorporating BigInt into that by default would break backwards compatibility of JS’s JSON handling.
Interop concerns make the right JSON serialization very application dependent, too.
I’m sure they could make stringify work, since numbers in JSON can be arbitrarily large. But parsing JSON and having it return BigInt instead of Number just isn’t going to be able to work by default. I guess because of this, making stringify work without parse support just isn’t desirable.
> Where do you read numbers can be arbitrarily large?
RFC 8259, Section 6, specifies unlimited number of digits for the integer and fraction parts, but allows implementations to have size and precision constraints.
> I thought it was limited to javascript numbers.
It suggest that IEEE754 binary64, because it is widely available and supported, should generally be safely usable (which happens to be exactly JavaScript numbers) but it does not limit JSON numbers to that range/precision.
Because bigints aren't part of the json spec? Like they said you create your own toJSON like: 'BigInt.prototype.toJSON = function() { return this.toString(); };' if you want to bend the spec.
Arbitrarily sized numbers (with no guarantee on supported range or precision in processors) are part of the spec, the problem is JS already serializes/deserializes them as Number and any change would break backwards compatibility.
> BigInt is a built-in object that provides a way to represent whole numbers larger than 2^53 - 1, which is the largest number JavaScript can reliably represent with the Number primitive and represented by the Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER constant.
Isn't this wrong? JavaScript's Number type can represent some integers vastly greater than this. [0] What's special about Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER, if I understand correctly, is that it's the smallest integer such that (Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER + 1) is not guaranteed to be represented faithfully by the Number type.
Given the topic, I don't think I'm being pedantic.
edit On second thought, I could well be mistaken. The definition of JavaScript's Number type might be such that no guarantees are made about which integers greater than Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER can be represented exactly.
edit 2 Nope, Number.MAX_VALUE is defined to be an integer. [0] Which is to say, the largest whole number that can be represented is Number.MAX_VALUE, not Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER. Of course, it's not the case that Number is guaranteed to be able to exactly represent all non-negative integers less than Number.MAX_VALUE, but that isn't the same thing. The article appears to get this wrong.
I maintain a JavaScript hashing library and the language's handling of large integers is terrible. SHA-256/SHA-384/SHA-512 as well as SHA-3 all use 64-bit primitives so I need to do some hacks to emulate a 64-bit integer. Bit shifting large numbers gets even more nebulous...
Sort of. I'm pointing out what seems to me to be an incorrect statement in the article. I think it's reasonable to have special terminology for the sequence of contiguous integers which can be represented exactly in the Number type. Safe seems a reasonable choice, provided it's used carefully.
MAX_SAFE_INTEGER seems a better choice of identifier than something like MAX_VALUE_OF_EXACTLY_REPRESENTABLE_CONTIGUOUS_SEQUENCE_OF_INTEGERS, of course, despite that it's less precise. (Even that absurdly long identifier isn't perfectly precise, as we can define a trivial sequence of a single value like Number.MAX_VALUE.) The documentation explaining it should be precise, though.
I think you misread the sentence. It's not the largest value JS can represent, it's the largest value it can "reliably represent". After 2^53 - 1 you get incorrect results when dealing with integers, making the results not "reliable".
When an integer can be reliably represented, that presumably means that JavaScript's definition of the Number type is such that it guarantees that a given integer can be represented exactly by the Number type. It doesn't mean you can safely do arbitrary integer arithmetic on it and get back another integer, also represented exactly. Trivially, there are no such values.
Every non-negative integer up to and including Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER can be represented exactly by the Number type, in any compliant JavaScript implementation. It's also true though that Number.MAX_VALUE is itself defined to be an integer. It's therefore not true to say that Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER is the greatest integer that can be exactly represented by JavaScript's Number type.
Instead, Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER is the greatest integer such that Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER can be represented precisely by the Number type, and all non-negative integers less than Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER can be represented exactly by the Number type. (See also my second edit to my earlier post.)
It seems incorrect then that the article states:
> 2^53 - 1, which is the largest number JavaScript can reliably represent with the Number primitive and represented by the Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER constant
There's discussion of the term safely represent on the MAX_SAFE_INTEGER page. [0]
> When an integer can be reliably represented, that presumably
You are right that the wording is not precise, but now you're putting a lot of meaning into what you admit is an assumption.
> means that JavaScript's definition of the Number type is such that it guarantees that a given integer can be represented exactly by the Number type. It doesn't mean you can safely do arbitrary integer arithmetic
Who said arbitrary? The natural numbers are canonically represented by a successor function, denoted S(n). So we're talking about the highest natural that can be represented as such.
> you're putting a lot of meaning into what you admit is an assumption
Can you suggest another interpretation? It's a point about representing a number, and is not a point about arithmetic, so I'm not seeing what else it could mean.
Either way we're agreed that it wants reworking. Technical documentation should not be incorrect, as I believe it to be, and it should not be ambiguous, as you believe it to be.
> Who said arbitrary?
Look at what I was responding to: After 2^53 - 1 you get incorrect results when dealing with integers, making the results not "reliable". That's not very precise, as dealing with might refer to the problem of exactly representing the integer values in the Number type, or it might refer to the problem of doing arithmetic with those values and getting exact results.
To rephrase my point: with the exception of 0, there is no Number value x such that, for all integer Number values y, the integer x + y can be represented exactly as a Number. It's not 'safe' to compute Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER + 1 despite that both terms are 'safe' integers.
Which is to say, we need to be clear that we're reasoning about the problem of exactly representing integer values in the Number type.
> The natural numbers are canonically represented by a successor function, denoted S(n). So we're talking about the highest natural that can be represented as such.
I don't see your point here. I've already discussed the difference between Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER and the much greater integer Number.MAX_VALUE.
Really sucks that they didn’t make it compatible with Math functions and other Number types. Even more type checking. Python did the same thing with Decimal at first, and it wasn’t fun to accommodate.
Sorry, why exactly can’t they also define the json.parse/stringify behavior of bigints? JSON was initially derived from JavaScript, so it seems a bit weird that a new ES standard can’t interoperate with json